Erkin Raqyshevtyń "Asharshylyq" derekti fılmi (VIDEO)
Ýıkıpedıa málimetteri:
Kóshpeli Qazaq qaýymy kúshti jut jyldary ǵana bolmasa, óziniń ótken uzaq tarıhynda A-qa sırek ushyraǵan. Tek “aqtaban shubyryndy...” sıaqty jaýgershilik jyldary, sany -ge deıin kemigen. Jańa zamanda Qazaqstan tarıhynda eki alapat asharshylyq halyq jadynda qatty saqtalǵan. Olardyń alǵashqysy — 1921/22 jyly bolǵan asharshylyq Onyń basty-basty eki sebebi bar: alǵashqysy —Reseıdegi Azamat soǵysynyń kesirinen Qazaq dalasyndaǵy sharýashylyqtardyń kúızeliske urynýy (q. Azyq-túlik otrádtary, Azyq-túlik salǵyrty), ekinshisi — tabıǵı apat, qolaısyz aýa raıy saldarynan oryn alǵan jut. Resp-da 1920 jáne 1923 jyly júrgizilgen aýyl sharýashylyǵy sanaqtarynyń jáne Qazaqstandaǵy jerge ornalastyrý mólsherin belgilegen ekspedısıany basqarǵan profesor S.P.Shvesovtyń málimetteri boıynsha 1921 jylǵy asharshylyqta Qazaqstan halqy 30%-ke deıin azaıǵan. Keıbir eldi mekenderde náýbet halyqtyń 100%-in qamtyp, olar túgeldeı derlik bosyp, jolda, birazy atamekeninde qyrylyp qaldy. Sanaq materıaldary 1921 — 1922 sharýashylyq jylynda Batys Qazaqstandaǵy sharýalar sharýashylyqtarynyń 1920 jylmen salystyrǵanda 23,8 prosentke qysqarǵanyn, Aqtóbe, Torǵaı aımaqtarynda sharýashylyqtardyń úshten biriniń joıylyp ketkenin kórsetedi. 1921 jylǵy asharshylyq Batys Qazaqstan halqynyń 31,4 prosentin alyp ketti. Sanaq materıaldarynyń tolyq bolmaýy osy asharshylyq jyldarynda qansha adamnyń qyrylǵanyn naqty aıtýǵa áli de múmkindik bermeı otyr. Ekinshi asharshylyq 1930 — 33 jyly boldy. Onyń sebebi — Qazaqstanda júrgizilgen stalındik-goloshekındik reforma, sodan týyndaǵan sharýalardyń jekemenshigin tárkileý men joıý, bas kótertpes et, astyq t.b. aýyl sharýashylyǵy ónimderi salyqtary, kóshpeli jáne jartylaı kóshpeli Qazaq sharýalaryn jappaı jáne kúshpen otyryqshylandyrý naýqandary bolyp tabylady. 1926, 1937 jáne 1939 jyldardaǵy sanaqtar materıaldaryndaǵy olqylyqtar osy A-taǵy adam, basqa shyǵyndar sanyn dál anyqtaýǵa kedergi keltirip, ǵalymdar arasynda ár túrli pikirlerdiń óristeýine sebep boldy. Degenmen, osy A-ta Qazaqstandaǵy aýyl halqy sanynyń kemýi týraly Qazaq AKSR halyq sharýashylyǵy esepteý basqarmasynyń ár túrli janama esep-statıstıkalyq qujattar (salyq esebi, mal esebi jáne t.b.), sondaı-aq 1937 jylǵy Búkilodaqtyq halyq sanaǵynyń alǵashqy málimetterine súıengen resmı deregi bar. Osy derekter boıynsha Qazaqstannyń aýyl halqy 1930 jyldyń 1 maýsymynan 1933 jyldyń 1 maýsymyna deıin 3 mln. 379,5 myń adamǵa kemip ketken. Eger bul kemýden 1 mln-nan astam bosqyndardy shyǵaryp tastasaq, 1930 — 33 jyldardaǵy ashtyq qurbandarynyń 2 mln. 200 myń adamnan asyp túsetinin ańǵaramyz. 1992 jyly osy máseleni arnaıy zerttegen Qazaqstan Respýblıka Joǵarǵy Keńesi Tóralqasynyń komısıasy óziniń qorytyndysynda bylaı dep jazdy: “Qazaq eli ashtyqtan jáne soǵan baılanysty indetterden, sondaı-aq tabıǵı ólim deńgeıiniń únemi joǵary bolýynan 2 mln. 200 myń adamnan, ıaǵnı barlyq Qazaq halqynyń 48 prosentinen aıryldy”. Asharshylyqtan Qazaqstanda qazaqtardyń úshten biri ǵana qaldy. Negizinen jas balalar men Áıelder qyrylǵandyqtan onyń demogr. zardaby aýyr boldy. Qazaqtardyń san jaǵynan ósýin qatty tejedi. Keıinnen asyra silteýshiliktiń shyn máni saıası búrkemelengenimen bul A. “qyzyl qyrǵyn”, “goloshekındik genosıd” degen tarıhı atqa ıe boldy. Goloshekındik genosıdtiń Qazaq halqyna alyp kelgen shyǵyny álem tarıhynda (prosent esebimen) gıtlershilderdiń Eýropadaǵy evreılerge jasaǵan soıqanymen para-par kelip, Kampýchıadaǵy “qyzyl khmerler” zardabynan asyp túsedi. 1932 meshin jyly bolǵan bul zulmat 20-ǵasyrdaǵy adamzat balasyna qarsy jasalǵan eń óreskel qylmystardyń biri bolyp sanalady. Ár jyldyń 31 mamyry kúni Qazaqstan halqy osy “qyzyl qyrǵyn” qurbandaryn eske alady.
